URL

These terms are essential to understanding how the internet and websites work. Here's an explanation of each:

1. Domain

A domain is a human-readable address used to access websites on the internet. It represents the name of a website and helps identify its location on the web. Domains are structured hierarchically, with different levels separated by dots. For example, in example.com:

• example is the second-level domain (SLD).

• com is the top-level domain (TLD).

Together, example.com forms a complete domain name.

2. Subdomain

A subdomain is a part of a larger domain and is used to organize or separate different sections of a website. Subdomains come before the main domain name and are separated by a dot. For example, in blog.example.com:

• blog is the subdomain.

• example.com is the main domain.

Subdomains can be used for various purposes, like hosting a blog, a separate application, or different services under the same main domain.

3. URL (Uniform Resource Locator)

A URL is the complete web address used to access a specific resource on the internet. It includes the protocol, domain name, and path to the resource. A typical URL looks like this:

https://www.example.com/page1.html

• https is the protocol, which indicates how data is transmitted (HTTP or HTTPS).

• www.example.com is the domain name.

• /page1.html is the path to the specific page or resource on the server.

4. DNS (Domain Name System)

DNS is like the phonebook of the internet. It translates human-readable domain names (like example.com) into IP addresses (like 192.0.2.1) that computers use to identify each other on the network. When you type a domain name into a browser, the DNS system resolves it to the corresponding IP address, allowing the browser to load the website.

DNS servers are distributed globally and work together to provide this translation service efficiently. They store information about which IP address is associated with which domain name.

How These Work Together:

• When you enter a URL in your browser, it sends a request to a DNS server to resolve the domain name into an IP address.

• The DNS server responds with the IP address, allowing your browser to connect to the web server hosting the domain.

• The browser then requests the specific page or resource indicated by the path in the URL, using the specified protocol (HTTP/HTTPS).

These components are essential for navigating and accessing resources on the internet, making it easier for humans to interact with a network of computers and servers.